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Moisey Yakovlevich Ostrogorski (also Ostrogorsky; (ロシア語:Моисе́й Я́ковлевич Острого́рский); (ベラルーシ語:Майсе́й Я́каўлевiч Aстрaго́рскi); Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire, now in Belarus, 1854 – Petrograd, USSR, February 10, 1921) was a Russian political scientist, historian, jurist and sociologist. Along with Max Weber and Robert Michels, he is considered one of the founders of political sociology, especially in the field of theories about Party Systems and political parties.〔Lipset (1982)〕 As Ostrogorski noted, loyalty to parties is often comparable to loyalty to one's religion. He was a member of the First State Duma of the Russian Empire representing the Hrodna province in 1906-1907. ==Biography== Moisey Ostrogorski, or Moisei Ostrogorsky, was born and grew up in Grodno province, studied law at Saint Petersburg State University and worked for the Russian justice ministry. In the 1880s, he went to Paris and studied at the École Libre des Sciences Politiques, where he wrote his dissertation ''Les origines du suffrage universel'' (The origins of universal suffrage) (1885). Whilst in France, Ostrogorski imbibed French political thought, which was distrustful of an all-powerful state, from thinkers such as Comte, Durkheim, Tocqueville, Saint Simon and Proudhon.〔(Lipset, S.M. (1960). Political Man. Garden City, New York. p22)〕 He traveled to the United States and Great Britain. In 1902, he published ''Democracy and the Organization of Political Parties''〔(''"The Party System: Ostrogorski's Work on Democracy and Political Organization,"'' ) The New York Times, December 27, 1902.〕 (originally in French), which compared the political system of the two nations. After returning to Russia in 1906, he became the Duma representative for the Hrodna province. He left politics after the Duma was dissolved during the Russian Revolution. As a political thinker, he was recognized in the West before Russia. Ostrogorski has been quite influential on the political thought of the 20th century. After leaving politics, he taught at the Psychoneurological Institute in St. Petersburg. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moisey Ostrogorsky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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